The Home Life of the Ancient Greeks

THE HOME LIFE OF THE
                            ANCIENT GREEKS.

    [Illustration: A GREEK LADY’S TOILET (FIG. 88, _see_ p. 162).]




                             THE HOME LIFE

                                OF THE

                            ANCIENT GREEKS

                     TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN OF

                           PROF. H. BLÜMNER

                                  BY

                             ALICE ZIMMERN

              _Late Scholar of Girton College, Cambridge_

                      With Numerous Illustrations

                        NEW AND REVISED EDITION

                     CASSELL AND COMPANY, LIMITED
                      _LONDON, PARIS & MELBOURNE_
                                 1895
                          ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

                            [Illustration]




TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE.


The following pages do not claim to be an absolutely literal translation
of Dr. Blümner’s text. Such slight alterations have been made as the
different and more concise character of the English language seemed to
demand, assuming that, in a work of this character, the most faithful
translation is that which clearly presents the author’s meaning in the
different dress of another language. In one or two cases I have ventured
to make some slight alterations. Thus, on page 277, my translation of
the passage from Lucian (_Philopseudes_ 18) describing Myron’s
Discobolus differs slightly from Dr. Blümner’s, and, as a result, the
inference drawn as to the original position of the head is also
different. This interpretation is in accord with more recent criticism,
and has the support of Dr. Murray, Head of the Antiquities Department at
the British Museum. The list of authorities consulted is printed on
pages 533 to 536. The illustrations are taken from the German work, and
a list is given on pages xi to xv.

       *       *       *       *       *

I take this opportunity to express my warm thanks to those friends who
have kindly helped me with the proof-sheets, and in particular to Mrs.
Henry Unwin for her very welcome assistance.

                                                         ALICE ZIMMERN.

     _Tunbridge Wells, October, 1893._




CONTENTS.


                                                                    PAGE

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS                                                 xi

INTRODUCTION                                                        xvii

CHAPTER I. COSTUME                                                     1

CHAPTER II. BIRTH AND INFANCY                                         78

CHAPTER III. EDUCATION                                                99

CHAPTER IV. MARRIAGE AND WOMEN                                       133

CHAPTER V. DAILY LIFE WITHIN AND WITHOUT THE HOUSE                   175

CHAPTER VI. MEALS AND SOCIAL ENTERTAINMENTS                          202

CHAPTER VII. SICKNESS AND PHYSICIANS, DEATH AND BURIAL               233

CHAPTER VIII. GYMNASTICS                                             265

CHAPTER IX. MUSIC AND DANCING                                        306

CHAPTER X. RELIGIOUS WORSHIP                                         323

CHAPTER XI. PUBLIC FESTIVALS                                         349

CHAPTER XII. THE THEATRE                                             392

CHAPTER XIII. WAR AND SEAFARING                                      450

CHAPTER XIV. AGRICULTURE, TRADE, AND HANDICRAFT                      489

CHAPTER XV. SLAVERY                                                  519




LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

                                                                    PAGE

1. Ancient Male and Female Costumes. Vase-painting from _Élite
céramographique_, II. 27                                               5

2. Antique Male _Chiton_ with _Himation_. Vase-painting from Gerhard.
_Etruskische und campanische Vasenbilder._ Plate 21                    6

3. Antique Costumes (Dance) from the François Vase. From the _Wiener
archæologische Vorlegeblätter_. Series II. Plates 3 and 14             8

4. Costumes of the Fifth Century B.C. (Rape of Helen.) Vase-painting by
Hiero. From Gerhard. _Trinkschalen und Gefäsze._ Plates 11 and 12     10

5. Short Male Chiton with _Kolpos_. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (_See_
2.) Plates 6 and 7                                                    13

6. Warrior in _Exomis_. Relief on a Tombstone. From _Bulletin de
correspondence hellénique_, IV. Plate 7                               14

7. Statue of Sophocles in the Lateran. From a Photograph              16

8. Citizen in Chiton and Himation. Terra-cotta from _Bull. de corr.
hell._, VII. Plate 12                                                 17

9. Costume of Ephebos (Adoration of a Hermes). Vase-painting from
Schreiber. _Kulturhistorischer Atlas, Altertum._ Plate 14, 3          18

10.