The Jewish State

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THE
JEWISH STATE

Theodor Herzl




THE
JEWISH
STATE


_by_
_Theodor Herzl_



Dover Publications, Inc., New York




    This Dover edition, first published in 1988, is an unabridged,
    unaltered republication of the work originally published in 1946
    by the American Zionist Emergency Council, New York, based on a
    revised translation published by the Scopus Publishing Company,
    New York, 1943, which was, in turn, based on the first
    English-language edition, _A Jewish State_, translated by Sylvie
    d'Avigdor, and published by Nutt, London, England, 1896. The
    Herzl text was originally published under the title _Der
    Judenstaat_ in Vienna, 1896. Please see the note on the facing
    page for further details.




"_THE JEWISH STATE_" is published by the American Zionist Emergency
Council for its constituent organizations on the occasion of the 50th
Anniversary of the publication of "DER JUDENSTAAT" in Vienna, February
14, 1896.

The translation of "THE JEWISH STATE" based on a revised translation
published by the Scopus Publishing Company was further revised by
Jacob M. Alkow, editor of this book. The biography was condensed from
Alex Bein's Theodor Herzl, published by the Jewish Publication Society
of America. The bibliography and the chronology were prepared by the
Zionist Archives and Library. To Mr. Louis Lipsky and to all of the
above mentioned contributors, the American Zionist Emergency Council
is deeply indebted.




Contents


Introduction--Louis Lipsky                                      9

Biography--Alex Bein                                           21

The Jewish State--Theodor Herzl                                67

  Preface                                                      69

   I. Introduction                                             73

  II. The Jewish Question                                      85

 III. The Jewish Company                                       98

  IV. Local Groups                                            123

   V. Society of Jews and Jewish State                        136

  VI. Conclusion                                              153

Bibliography                                                  158

Chronology                                                    159




INTRODUCTION

by

_Louis Lipsky_




_Introduction_


Theodore Herzl was the first Jew who projected the Jewish question as
an international problem. "The Jewish State," written fifty years ago,
was the first public expression, in a modern language, by a modern
Jew, of a dynamic conception of how the solution of the problem could
be accelerated and the ancient Jewish hope, slumbering in Jewish
memory for two thousand years, could be fulfilled.

In 1882, Leo Pinsker, a Jewish physician of Odessa, disturbed by the
pogroms of 1881, made a keen analysis of the position of the Jews,
declared that anti-Semitism was a psychosis and incurable, that the
cause of it was the abnormal condition of Jewish life, and that the
only remedy for it was the removal of the cause through self-help and
self-liberation. The Jewish people must become an independent nation,
settled on the soil of their own land and leading the life of a normal
people. Moses Hess in his "Rome and Jerusalem" classified the Jewish
question as one of the nationalist struggles inspired by the French
Revolution. Perez Smolenskin and E. Ben-Yehuda urged the revival of
Hebrew and the resettlement of Palestine as the foundation for the
rebirth of the Jewish people. Herzl was unaware of the existence of
these works. His eyes were not directed to the problem in the same
manner. When he wrote "The Jewish State" he was a journalist, living
in Paris, sending his letters to the leading newspaper of Vienna, the
_Neue Freie Presse_, and writing on a great variety of subjects. He
was led to see Jewish life as a phenomenon in a changing world. He had
adapted himself to a worldly outlook on all life. Through his efforts,
the Jewish problem was raised to the higher level of an international
question which, in his judgment, should be given consideration by
enlightened statesmanship.