The narrative of quantum computing’s imminent threat to encryption is compelling, and the strongest version of this story—presented here—is grounded in credible advances from leading institutions. The Caltech and Google teams have made tangible progress in reducing the qubit requirements for Shor’s algorithm, a feat that shifts the timeline for practical quantum cryptanalysis from decades to years. The use of neutral atoms and advanced error-correcting codes, such as qLDPC, represents a genuine ...