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Beyond insulin escalation: REIMAGINE 3 and advanced type 2 diabetes care
Affiliations & Notes
aDiabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands
bDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Article Info
Publication History:
Published June 7, 2026
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01074-3 External LinkAlso available on ScienceDirect External Link
Copyright: © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
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OkA large proportion of people living with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin therapy remain inadequately controlled despite progressive treatment intensification,1 leaving many susceptible to microvascular and macrovascular complications.2 Treatment intensification has traditionally focused on complex insulin regimens, with hypoglycaemia and weight gain as undesirable adverse effects. Thus, the need for therapies that improve glycaemic control in people inadequately controlled on basal insulin therapy remains pressing.
References
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Are patients on basal insulin attaining glycemic targets? Characteristics and goal achievement of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with basal insulin and physician-perceived barriers to achieving glycemic targets
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016; 121:17-26
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Stratton, IM ∙ Adler, AI ∙ Neil, HA ∙ et al.
Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study
BMJ. 2000; 321:405-412
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Billings, LK ∙ Doshi, A ∙ Gouet, D ∙ et al.
Efficacy and safety of IDegLira versus basal-bolus insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin and basal insulin: the DUAL VII randomized clinical trial
Diabetes Care. 2018; 41:1009-1016
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Rosenstock, J ∙ Frías, JP ∙ Rodbard, HW ∙ et al.
Tirzepatide vs insulin lispro added to basal insulin in type 2 diabetes: the SURPASS-6 randomized clinical trial
JAMA. 2023; 330:1631-1640
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Badve, SV ∙ Bilal, A ∙ Lee, MMY ∙ et al.
Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on kidney and cardiovascular disease outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025; 13:15-28
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Muskiet, MHA ∙ Smits, MM
Beyond a singular focus on GLP-1: why we need a new nomenclature now
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025; 13:730-733
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Drucker, DJ
GLP-1-based therapies for diabetes, obesity and beyond
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2025; 24:631-650
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Muskiet, MHA ∙ Nardone, M ∙ Rensen, PCN ∙ et al.
Amylin and the renin-angiotensin system: risk or opportunity in amylin-based therapy?
Lancet. 2026; 406:2980-2983
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Walker, CS ∙ Aitken, JF ∙ Vazhoor Amarsingh, G ∙ et al.
Amylin: emergent therapeutic opportunities in overweight, obesity and diabetes mellitus
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025; 21:482-494
10.
Rosenstock, J ∙ Billings, LK ∙ Gajria, R ∙ et al.
Cagrilintide–semaglutide (CagriSema) as an add-on to basal insulin in adults with type 2 diabetes (REIMAGINE 3): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 study
Lancet. 2026;
published online June 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01022-6
11.
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes
9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: standards of care in diabetes—2026
Diabetes Care. 2026; 49(suppl 1):S183-S215
12.
Lingvay, I ∙ Bergenheim, SJ ∙ Buse, JB ∙ et al.
Once-weekly semaglutide 7·2 mg in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes (STEP UP T2D): a randomised, controlled, phase 3b trial
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025; 13:935-948

Sentinel — Human

Confidence

The text functions as a well-structured academic introduction to research on advanced diabetes treatment intensification, heavily reliant on verifiable clinical studies and citations.

Signals Detected
low severity: Moderate sentence length variance; highly academic and dense prose.
low severity: High coherence, driven by a specific scientific thesis and rigorous citation structure.
low severity: Perfect coordination; functions purely as an academic summary/introduction to referenced research rather than narrative opinion.
low severity: Claims are entirely supported by specific, verifiable references (DOIs and journal citations).
Human Indicators
The extensive, highly specialized reference list (12 sources spanning Diabetes Care, Lancet, JAMA, Nature Reviews) indicates grounding in peer-reviewed literature.
Specific trial names and outcomes are cited, which is typical of human-generated scientific reporting.