Computer Science > Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
[Submitted on 3 Jul 2026]
Title:Crypto-Microeconomics: The Distribution of Bitcoin Wealth Among Diverse Economic Agents
View PDF HTML (experimental)Abstract:Bitcoin (BTC) wealth distribution is often studied with macro indicators like wallet balances, prices, network activity, fees, and hashrate. This letter proposes a "Crypto-Microeconomic Observability Framework" to examine micro-level Bitcoin wealth disparities across five labeled agent classes: Service, Abuse, Malware, Individuals, and Benign. Using descriptive, inequality, and longitudinal concentration metrics, we show that Bitcoin wealth is highly concentrated across major classes, consistent with a persistent "Whale-Effect". Service entities hold the largest share of observed BTC (75.15%), while Abuse controls a disproportionately large share relative to its entity count (24.26% of BTC vs. 3.53% of entities). Individuals, Abuse, and Service show near-maximal within-class inequality (e.g., Gini = 0.9993 for Individuals), and time-series analysis indicates these patterns persist. Overall, Bitcoin wealth among labeled economic agents remains structurally uneven and concentrated in a small subset of entities.
Submission history
From: Syed Azhar Hussain [view email][v1] Fri, 3 Jul 2026 23:58:22 UTC (1,174 KB)
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