Introduction
By the end of 2024, COVID-19 had resulted in over 777 million cases and over 7 million deaths worldwide.1 The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted health, social and economic development worldwide.2 It is regarded as the second most critical pandemic in modern history after the 1918 influenza pandemic.3 Less than a year after WHO declared COVID-19 a pandemic, the first COVID-19 vacc...
