When you come for the king, you best not miss – particularly if the king in question is a 9-tonne dinosaur with the biggest teeth of any known land predator in history. “Tyrannosaurus rex: the tyrant lizard king. That name is so cool, and it’s just developed tremendous loyalty,” says Greg Paul, an independent dinosaur researcher based in Maryland. “There’s even a rock band named for the animal.”
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The narrative of T. rex as the sole apex predator of its ecosystem has been dramatically reshaped by recent fossil discoveries, challenging long-held assumptions about dinosaur ecology. The strongest version of this new narrative is that the Hell Creek Formation hosted multiple tyrannosaur species, including Nanotyrannus, which coexisted with T. rex. This reassessment is supported by anatomical differences, growth ring analysis, and the discovery of mature specimens like Manteo. The shift in con...